Reflexive pronouns show that the person doing the action is the person who the action is directed at. They are always linked to reflexive verbs.
The reflexive pronouns are listed in the table below.
|
|
me |
myself |
te |
yourself (informal) |
se |
himself, herself, itself |
se |
yourself (formal) |
se |
themselves, each other (formal) |
se |
yourselves (formal) |
nos |
ourselves, each other |
os |
each other, yourselves (informal) |
Nonreflexive Form
Lavo la cabeza de mi hijo.
I wash my son's head.
Reflexive Form
Me lavo las manos.
I wash my hands.
Below are example sentences using reflexive pronouns:
Él se lava.
He washes himself.
Ellos se lavan las manos.
They wash their hands.
Me llamo Jennifer.
My name is Jennifer.
Tú no te peinas bien.
You don't comb your hair well.
Mi papá nunca se enoja.
My dad never gets angry.
Ella se ríe mucho.
She laughs a lot.
¿No se aburre usted?
Don't you get bored?
Nosotros nos bañamos.
We took a shower.
Me siento un poco cansado.
I feel a little tired.
Note!
Indirect object pronouns are similar to the reflexive ones, except that the performer of the action is different from its recipient.
The plural direct and indirect object pronouns nos, os, and se can be used reflexively to mean “ourselves”, “yourselves”, and “themselves”; in this case the “doer” and the recipient of the action are the same.
Él se ama.
He loves himself.
Ella se atribuye la culpa.
She attributes the fault to herself.
María habla siempre de sí.[1]
Mary is always talking about herself.
Nosotros nos divertimos al mismo tiempo que hacemos negocios.
We enjoy ourselves at the same time as we do business.
Ellos se respetan a sí mismos y a otros también.
They respect themselves and others too.
Footnote 1: After "con" (with) "si" becomes Sigo; same change with
"mí" and "tí": conmigo, contigo, consigo, written in one word.
Reflexives
For reflexives, mismo (misma,mismos,mismas), may be added to the disjunctive form for emphasis, as:
María habla siempre de sí misma.
Mary always speaks of herself.
Ella se atribuye la culpa.
She attributes the fault to herself.
Ella se atribuye la culpa a sí.
She attributes the fault to herself. (more emphatic).
Ella se atribuye la culpa a sí misma.
She attributes the fault to herself (still more emphatic).
Reciprocals
For reciprocals, you may also use the term mutuamente to clarify, or one of the following terms may be used:
(el) uno a(l) otro = (to) each other (two persons, male or one male and one female)
(la) una a la otra = (to) each other (two persons, both female)
(los) unos a (los) otros = (to) each other (more than two persons male or all male or male and female)
(las) unas a (las) otras = (to) each other (more than two persons, all female)
Note: The definite article is optional. The preposition a is used in these samples, but is often replaced by other prepositions depending on individual sentence; see the use of con below.
Ella y yo nos queremos el uno al otro
She and I love each other.
Ellas se enojaron y se hicieron daño unas a otras.
The girls got angry and hurt each other.
Carmen y los chicos charlaban unos con los otros.
Carmen and the boys were chatting with one another.